Selected notable models, 2020–2025; training compute cost in US$ millions.
Training compute cost is measured for selected notable AI model examples from 2020 to 2025. The chart uses raw US$ million values for four published model examples rather than a share denominator. Grok 4 is the largest value in the set at US$490 million. That is 114x the cited 2020 GPT-3 175B training-cost example of US$4.3 million.
| Rank | Entry | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GPT-3 175B | US$4.3M | 2020 |
| 2 | GPT-4 | US$78M | 2023 |
| 3 | Gemini Ultra | US$191.4M | 2023 |
| 4 | Grok 4 | US$490M | 2025 |
Source 1: Epoch AI
Publisher: Epoch AI
Dataset/table: Grok 4 training resources
Units: US$
Date checked: 2026-05-24
Evidence: Supports the Grok 4 training compute cost estimate of US$490 million.
Source 2: Stanford HAI
Publisher: Stanford HAI
Dataset/table: Key takeaway on frontier model training costs
Units: US$
Date checked: 2026-05-24
Evidence: Supports GPT-4 at about US$78 million and Gemini Ultra at about US$191 million in estimated training compute cost.
Source 3: DeepLearning.AI
Publisher: DeepLearning.AI
Dataset/table: AI Index summary of foundation-model training costs
Units: US$
Date checked: 2026-05-24
Evidence: Supports GPT-3 175B at US$4.3 million and Gemini Ultra at US$191.4 million as AI Index-derived cost examples.
Source 4: Our World in Data
Publisher: Our World in Data
Dataset/table: Epoch AI cost data adapted by Our World in Data
Units: constant 2023 US$
Date checked: 2026-05-24
Evidence: Supports the cost definition: hardware, electricity, cooling and power distribution for final training runs.
Values are public training compute cost estimates and are not audited company spending statements. They can exclude experimentation, labor, serving and broader product development costs.
Rows are selected model examples supplied by Prompt 1. The latest-versus-2020 multiple divides US$490 million by US$4.3 million and rounds to 114x.
Rows use the same money unit after converting to US$ millions. The row set is mixed-year by design and the subtitle states the 2020-2025 span.
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