People aged 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64; member-state rates and EU benchmark.
EU old-age dependency is measured as people aged 65 and over per 100 people aged 15 to 64 on 1 January 2025. The graphic ranks high-dependency member states and adds the EU average and the lowest member-state value as benchmarks. Italy ranked highest at 39.0%, ahead of Bulgaria at 38.7% and Portugal at 38.6%. The EU average was 34.5%, while Luxembourg was lowest at 22.0%, giving a 17.0 percentage-point spread between the top and bottom shown.
| Rank | Entry | Value | Period |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Italy | 39.0% | 2025 |
| 2 | Bulgaria | 38.7% | 2025 |
| 3 | Portugal | 38.6% | 2025 |
| 4 | EU average | 34.5% | 2025 |
| 5 | Luxembourg | 22.0% | 2025 |
Source 1: Eurostat
Publisher: Eurostat
Dataset/table: Eurostat statistical database
Units: percent
Date checked: 2026-05-23
Evidence: Supports the 2025 old-age dependency definition, EU average, highest and lowest member-state values.
Old-age dependency is a demographic pressure ratio, not a fiscal dependency measure. The benchmark row is the EU average and the lowest row is included for contrast.
Use Eurostat old-age dependency ratios on 1 January 2025. Rank member states by people aged 65+ per 100 people aged 15–64 and include the EU average and lowest member-state benchmark for context.
All values are from Eurostat’s same 1 January 2025 old-age dependency source frame.
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