Japan general government gross and net debt; % of GDP, 2024.
This comparison shows Japan’s general government debt on gross and net bases in 2024. Gross debt was 240% of GDP, while net debt was 130%. The 110 pp gap reflects financial assets deducted in the net measure. Both values come from the same IMF framework and should not be mixed with central-government-only debt series.
Source 1: World Economic Outlook, April 2026
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Dataset/table: IMF, advanced-economy gross/net debt
Evidence: Supports Japan's 2024 gross (~240%) and net (~130%) government debt shares.
Gross and net figures use the same year and basis. Net debt depends on the valuation of government financial assets, some of which are less liquid than others.
Japan's gross and net general government debt for 2024 are shown as shares of GDP; net debt subtracts government financial assets from gross debt.
Same source, same year and same unit for both measures.
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