Largest Literacy Gender Gaps Across Pakistan, 2023

Male and female literacy among people age 10+ across four provinces and Islamabad; % and pp, 2023.

What the Data Shows

This comparison measures the male–female literacy-rate gap across Pakistan’s four provinces and Islamabad Capital Territory in 2023. Male and female rates use the same census definition for people aged 10 or older, and the gap is expressed in percentage points. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa had the widest gap at 27.4 percentage points, with male literacy at 64.6% and female literacy at 37.1%. Islamabad had the narrowest gap at 9.1 percentage points.

Data table

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa — Male literacy 64.6%
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa — Female literacy 37.1%
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa — Gender gap 27.4 pp
Balochistan — Male literacy 50.5%
Balochistan — Female literacy 32.8%
Balochistan — Gender gap 17.7 pp
Sindh — Male literacy 64.2%
Sindh — Female literacy 50.2%
Sindh — Gender gap 14.0 pp
Punjab — Male literacy 72.0%
Punjab — Female literacy 60.2%
Punjab — Gender gap 11.8 pp
Islamabad — Male literacy 88.2%
Islamabad — Female literacy 79.1%
Islamabad — Gender gap 9.1 pp

Sources

Source 1: Pakistan 7th Population and Housing Census 2023

Publisher: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

Dataset/table: Literacy and out-of-school population age 5–16 by sex and locality

Units: people; percent

Date checked: 2026-07-18

Evidence: Provides matched male and female literacy rates for all five provincial-level areas.

Data notes & caveats

Both sex-specific rates use all localities and the same age threshold.

Methodology

Male and female literacy rates for people age 10 or older are matched within each area. The female rate is subtracted from the male rate, and areas are ranked by the unrounded gap.

Source consistency notes

Every area uses the same census source, year, age definition, locality scope and percentage unit.

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